Stig Bj�rlykke wrote:
2007/8/30, Fulko Hew <fulko.hew@xxxxxxxxx>:
I was looking at the results from the Capture->Interface statistics display
and the information I get from _my_ embedded system, and I thought
I had an error, but I don't think I do...
Strange. I was just looking at this code earlier today to figure out
the same problem, and when I look closer to this it seems like you are
right. At least if the comments are correct.
But when testing on a older linux machine with svn 21019 it seems to
work correctly. Hmmm, maybe we both have the unix version of libpcap
with the same error as winpcap?
"The unix version of libpcap" is really several different UN*X versions
of libpcap; both libpcap and WinPcap share a bunch of code, but even
libpcap on one UN*X doesn't necessarily share the low-level capture
code, including the capture-statistics code, with libpcap on another
version of UN*X, and WinPcap doesn't share it with any UN*X version of
libpcap. (That's one thing libpcap is about - providing as
platform-independent as possible an interface to doing captures on OSes
with very different underlying packet capture mechanisms.)
On systems with BPF (various free-software BSDs, a certain
free-software-at-the-UN*X-layer Mach+BSD, and AIX), statistics come from
the kernel, and are not reset when fetched from the kernel.
On Linux:
in pre-2.4 kernels, statistics are calculated in userland (which means
you don't know how many packets were discarded because they didn't match
the filter, if the filtering is being done in the kernel (as is the case
in 2.2 and later kernels, at least if socket filters are enabled in the
kernel), and just keep accumulating;
in 2.4 and later kernels, statistics come from the kernel, and are
reset when fetched from the kernel. Really old versions of libpcap
(pre-0.7) didn't know that, and treated them like pre-2.4 kernels;
"middle-aged" versions of libpcap (0.7[.x] and 0.8[.x]) fetched
statistics from the kernel, but didn't compensate for this by keeping
its own copy of the statistics, adding the fetched values to that copy,
and returning the accumulated values as the statistics; libpcap 0.9.0
and later do that (0.9.0 through 0.9.4 had some bugs in that, fixed in
0.9.5).
On Windows, at least with WinPcap 4.x, statistics come from the kernel,
and are not reset when fetched from the kernel.
On other OSes, statistics are calculated in userland and just keep
accumulating.
So the unusual case is Linux systems with
a 2.4 or later kernel and libpcap was built on a system with a newer
kernel (and glibc?) so that it tries to fetch statistics from the kernel
and
libpcap 0.7[.x] and 0.8[.x]
where code that assumes that statistics fetched from libpcap are
cumulative (which they are supposed to be!) will break.
The "XXX" in the comment before update_if() is mine; I have no idea why
the claim was made that, in winpcap, pcap_stats() "returns the number of
packets since the last pcap_stats call".